![]() We encourage collaboration and co-authorship with colleagues in the locations where the research is conducted. The individuals who conduct the work are responsible for identifying who meets these criteria and ideally should do so when planning the work, making modifications as appropriate as the work progresses. Therefore, all individuals who meet the first criterion should have the opportunity to participate in the review, drafting, and final approval of the manuscript. The criteria are not intended for use as a means to disqualify colleagues from authorship who otherwise meet authorship criteria by denying them the opportunity to meet criterion #s 2 or 3. These authorship criteria are intended to reserve the status of authorship for those who deserve credit and can take responsibility for the work. Those who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged-see Section II.A.3 below. In addition, authors should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their co-authors.Īll those designated as authors should meet all four criteria for authorship, and all who meet the four criteria should be identified as authors. In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work done, an author should be able to identify which co-authors are responsible for specific other parts of the work. ![]() Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.Final approval of the version to be published AND.Drafting the work or reviewing it critically for important intellectual content AND.Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work AND.The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria: ![]() The ICMJE has thus developed criteria for authorship that can be used by all journals, including those that distinguish authors from other contributors. Such policies remove much of the ambiguity surrounding contributions, but leave unresolved the question of the quantity and quality of contribution that qualify an individual for authorship. Editors are strongly encouraged to develop and implement a contributorship policy. The following recommendations are intended to ensure that contributors who have made substantive intellectual contributions to a paper are given credit as authors, but also that contributors credited as authors understand their role in taking responsibility and being accountable for what is published.īecause authorship does not communicate what contributions qualified an individual to be an author, some journals now request and publish information about the contributions of each person named as having participated in a submitted study, at least for original research. Authorship also implies responsibility and accountability for published work. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted TechnologyĪuthorship confers credit and has important academic, social, and financial implications. ![]()
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